Panjab plains

 A state in the lap of rivers - Punjab                      

                                                                                     Sanjeev sir 

 Submitted by english

 Tue, 25/01/2021 - 8:00

 Source: Source, January 2021

  Rivers have great importance in our life.  People living on the banks of rivers take various benefits from them

 Village situated by the river.

 River in the plains

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  You will know that rivers come out of the mountains.  There the river flows very fast through deep rocky valleys.  But when she lands in the ground, her nature changes.  She widens and her flow also slows ..down.  The sand and soil that flows with water accumulates on the edges.  Rotten leaves of trees are found in it.  Due to this, the soil on the banks of the river is very fertile and the crop is good in it...

 

 

 State of five rivers.

  People like to live near the river.  There, drinking water is available throughout the year, there is convenience of transportation and agriculture also becomes good.  If there is a river, it is okay.  If there are two rivers, more and more people settle in that area.  Where two rivers flow, it is called the Doab.  Doab means two rivers.  Suppose if there are not two, not three, five-five rivers flow, what will happen?  Yes, Punjab is a region where five rivers flow.  It is called Punjab due to the flow of five rivers.  These five rivers are Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Vyas and Sutlej.  When our country was divided 53 years ago, a part of Punjab remained in India and a part went to Pakistan.  The part of India is called the state of Punjab.  We will read about this state here.

 Farmers of Punjab doing Bhangra: This map explains many important things about Punjab - what crops are there, what people do there, what things are made in the factories there, etc.

 

 

 

 

 Where the rivers of milk flow

  Punjab and its neighboring state of Haryana are famous all over the country for good breed cows and buffaloes.  The cows and buffaloes here are good, thick, strong and give plenty of milk.  Meeting 10-12 liters of milk in a day with a buffalo is common here.  The milk is so thick that a lot of cream comes out of it, which also makes butter and ghee a lot.

  Some milk is used at home.  Milk, ghee, butter, cheese, lassi etc. are very much used in the food of the people of Punjab.  Even after home use, there is so much milk that they sell it to factories.

  There are milk factories in all the cities of Punjab.  In this, milk is cooled, sealed in packets and sent to distant areas.  Butter, ghee and paneer are also prepared from milk.  These things are sold all over the country.  Seeing the demand of milk, farmers here have started rearing more buffalo.

 Buffalo will be thinking what is so special in Punjab that buffaloes give so much milk.  The first reason is that there are buffalo breeds of milk.  The second thing is that despite the lack of pastures here, there is no shortage of good fodder.  Here fields have green fodder like Barseem throughout the year.  Paddy is straw, cotton is the seed of which seeds are very nutritious.  Animals do not have to graze in the field or forest for fodder.  There is a system of fodder water throughout the day in the enclosure itself.

 Complete the map of Punjab State:

  1. Barsim to cow and buffalo in Punjab ,.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  Khali, jaggery, husk etc. are fed.  While our here them.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  Is fed.

  2. Cows and buffaloes in Punjab.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  Fodder is given only in our place.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  Let's take grazing.

  3. Cow, buffalo daily in Punjab.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  Liters gives milk.  While we have cows here, buffalo everyday.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  Liters give milk.

 

 

 

 

 Mountains of grain

  If you want to see mountains of food, you have to go to Punjab.  After harvesting there is a flow of trucks and tractor-trolleys in the mandis.  Where there are grains of grain, each pile will be seen 10-12 feet high.  Traders come from all over the country to buy them.

 

 

 

 

 Irrigation

  There are many reasons why Punjab has such good farming.  First, it is a plain area - the soil here is very fertile.  Second, there is complete irrigation facility here.  A huge dam is built on the Sutlej River.  The water of Sutlej river is stopped in this dam.  This water is transported from canal to village.

  There is so much water in these canals that it looks like a river.  Often people will be seen floating and bathing in them.  Electricity is also made in the dam which reaches village to village with stars.  Where needed, farmers can draw water from electric motors.  Can use machines like thresher.

  To do cultivation in Punjab, irrigation through canals or wells is very important.  It receives very little rainfall compared to its state.  Only one crop can be taken with rain water.  But due to irrigation, it is normal to take three crops.  That is why the farmers here are very happy.

  The biggest reason for good farming in Punjab is the farmers there.  The farmers of Punjab are famous for their hard work and wisdom.  They do not hesitate to adopt new methods of farming and keep experimenting constantly.  When hybrids, chemical fertilizers, tractors, etc. started trending in their country, farmers of Punjab adopted them rapidly.

  1. See which crops are more in the map.

  2. Is there more cotton in the north of Sutlej river than in the south?

  3. Sugarcane is higher in the northern part of Punjab than in the south?

  With the help of irrigation, farmers of Punjab grow two or three crops in a single field a year.  There is so much work in the fields throughout the year that laborers come from other states to work here.

 

 

 

 

 Loss from new farming also

  This type of farming also causes damage.  The soil is deteriorating due to giving too much water.  Sometimes, salt accumulates in the soil and sometimes becomes marshy.  Due to this the land is becoming infertile.  Due to more use of pesticides etc., the yield of land is decreasing.  Drinking water, fish, grains, vegetables - etc. are having a bad effect.  It also affects the health of animals, birds and people.  Now the farmers of Punjab are looking for ways to protect the soil and water from spoilage.

 Golden temple

 

 

 Cities of punjab

 

 Amritsar

  The most famous place in Punjab is the Golden Temple of Amritsar city.  Golden temple means gold temple.  This temple is illuminated in the sunlight amidst a beautiful square lake (pond).  Which god is there in this temple?  There is no idol of God in it, but a big book is kept.  The name of the book is - Sri Gurugranth Sahib.  Some sayings of big saints have been written in this book.  You must have heard the names of saints like Guru Nanak, Babafarid, Kabir, Raidas etc.  His words are in this book.  Sikh people consider this book very much.  For them, this Golden Temple is the most important pilgrimage center.  They come here and bathe in this lake and circumambulate the Holy Granth Sahib.

 

 

 

 Ludhiana

  The largest city of Punjab is Ludhiana.  There are big factories here.

 Find out what things are made in them by looking at the map.

  - There is another city of Punjab where sporting goods are made.

  Do you know from which wood the cricket bat and hockey etc. are made.  To make them, light wood is required which is found in the pine tree.  You will remember pine trees are quite numerous in the Himalayan forests.  The people of the Himalayas complain that due to these industries, pine forests are being destroyed.

  1. If you go to Punjab, then which of these things will you get?

  Mountains, tractors, teak forests, paddy fields, canals, ships, lions, bicycles, coconut trees, buffalo, rocks, pine forests.

  2. Can you tell what is the difference between Arunachal Pradesh and Punjab?

 Table Arunachal Pradesh Punjab

 

 

 Various limits

  Like Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh, the state of Punjab is also on the border of its country.  You can see in the map that the western border of Punjab is formed differently.  It is the border between two countries.  This is called international border, ie the border between two nations or countries.

  If you cross the western border of Punjab, you will reach Pakistan.  But if you cross the eastern border of Punjab, you will reach the Haryana state of India.

  Here are four types of boundaries - recognize the international boundary among them.