India's top e-industries | India's Top 8 Industries |

 India's top e-industries |  India's Top 8 Industries |  अधिक जानकारी के लिए कमेंट करे  

  Article shared by:: Sanjeev Sir

 

  India's top e-industries |  Top 8 industries in India.  Read this article in Hindi to know about the top eight industries in India.  These industries are: 1. cottage industry 2. aluminum industry 3. railway equipment 4. shipbuilding industry 5. aircraft manufacturing 6. automobile industry 7. pharmaceutical industry 8. electronic and computer industries.

  1. Cottage Industry (Cottage Industry):

  It is a traditional industry of India.  It takes less than 5 lakhs and employs less than 10 workers.  It is associated with Community Development Program, Poverty Reduction Program and formatted Rural Development Program (I.R.D.P.).  More than 60 lakh people get employment from these industries.

  This industry p.  Specialized in whole of India i.e. Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana, Rajasthan.

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  The adventurous industry in Gujarat is pandloom and powerloom industry, oilseed industry, food industry;  In Rajasthan, stonecutting, embroidery, handicrafts industry and handloom and powerloom, milk production (mainly western Uttar Pradesh) village and Khandasari (mainly Terai Pradesh) industries have developed in Uttar Pradesh.

  Food industry, dairy industry and handloom and powerloom industry have developed in the metropolitan area.  There was limited development of this industry in North Eastern India and Himalayas, due to the lack of structural facilities here.

  Market capital investment and availability of infrastructural facilities in the states of northwest India of metros are the factors responsible for the growth of these industries.

  a.  Research Central Silk Industry Research Institute has been established for research related to silk in Baharampur (Qalak).  Major varieties of Mulberry, Tasar, Denga and Eri silk are produced in India.

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  B. Uttar Pradesh produces more than 50% of the country's gram and khandsari.

  Following are the major institutions established by the Central Government for the development of cottage industries:

  Me.  Cottage Industries Board - 1948

  ii.  Central Silk Board - 1949

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  iii.  All India Handicraft Board - 1950

  iv.  All India Handicrafts Board - 1953

  V.  All India Khadi and Village Industries Board - 1954

  vi.  Small Industries Board - 1954

  vii.  Central Sales Organization - 1958 (Headquarters-Chennai)

  2. Comprehensive industry (aluminum industry):

  It is also an indigent industry.  The production of 1 ton of aluminum requires 5 tons of bauxite, 0.5 tons of limestone, 0.3 tons of caustic soda and 20-24 thousand kilowatts of electricity.  Thus, the impact of bauxite and electricity on the localization of this industry is major.

  India's first factory in 1937.  In West Bengal's J.K.  Was established in the city (Asansol) which was mainly the cock area.  1938 AD  A second industry was set up at a place called Muri in Jharkhand in the mining area of ​​Bauxite.

  Aluset's third factory Hindustan Allusion Corporation (Hindalco) was set up at a place called Renukoot in Uttar Pradesh.  The fourth factory was opened by El Madras Aluminum Company 'at a place called Matur in TN.

  On November 27, 1965, Bharat Aluminum Company Limited (BALCO) was suspended as the first aluminum product from the public sector.  On January 7, 1981, National Aluminum Company Limited (NALCO) was made free for the purpose of producing alumina and aluminum.

  At present, the major aluminum companies of India and their branches are the following (currently, India's leading aluminum company and their branches:

  Me.  Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL - Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited):

  The public sector organization that manufactures energy equipment in the country has units in Haridwar, Bhopal, Trichy, Hyderabad, Ranipet, Bangalore and Jagdishpur.  Additionally there are Hindustan Cables Factory in Rupnarayanpur (Kolkata), Rashtriya Instruments Factory in Kolkata and Indian Computing Industries in Bangalore and Naini.

  ii.  Industry (Engineering Industry):

  It has two sub-divisions - Heavy Machine KV Industry and Light Machines KV Industry.

  The following are the major units manufacturing heavy machinery:

  Me.  Heavy Corporation Corporation Ltd., Ranchi (1958 AD)

  ii.  Mining and Allied Corporation Corp, Durgapur (1965 AD)

  iii.  Bharat Heavy plates and lils.  Visakhapatnam (1966 AD)

  iv.  Triveni Structures Ltd., Naini (Allahabad)

  V.  Tungabhadra Steel Products Ltd.  (Joint venture between Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh)

  vi.  National Instruments Ltd., Jevpur (Qal)

  vii.  Hindustan Machine Tip Ltd.  (HMT) Bangalore - It was founded in 1963 by a colleague of the company.  Made in  There are 5 factories operating under it in Bangalore, Kaur (Haryana), Kalamassery (Kerala), Srinagar and Hyderabad.

  3. Railway Equipment (Railway Equipment):

  Indian Railways is completely self-sufficient in the manufacture of its equipment etc.  The first company related to railway equipment was the Fuller Penisular Locomotive Co. '1921 AD in Singh Background District of Jharkhand.  Was established in  It was later renamed 'Tata Company and Locomotive Co.' (Telco).

  Chittaranjan Locomotive Works produces electric locomotives, low diesel locomotive works in Mahuadih (Varanasi), diesel engines and metering engines at Telco.

  Passenger carriages are made at Perambur near Madras in TN.  Bharat Earth Movers Ltd.  (Bais) companies such as Jessop and Company Limited (Kolkata) and Railway Coach Factory, Kapurthala (Punjab) also manufacture railway coaches.

  New production units of railway coach factory were set up at Rae Bareli (Uttar Pradesh) and Kanchrapara (West Bengal).] Rail coach factory is also being set up at Palakad in Kerala.  Diesel locomotives are being set up at Madhaura (Aban) in Bihar and electric locomotives at Madhepura.

  Rail wheel factory is being set up in Chapra.  Two factories manufacturing electric and diesel locomotives are being set up at Dankuni in West Bengal.  The country's first railway engine Thosan has been preserved at IIT Roorkee.

  4. Shipbuilding Industry (Shipbuilding Industry):

  There are 27 shipbuilding industries in India, out of which 8 are in the public sector and 19 in the private sector.  The first shipyard factory in India in 1941 AD.  It was established in Visakhapatnam in 1952 AD.  The government acquired it and renamed it Hindustan Shipyard.  Gardenerich is under the category of Shipbuilders and KV Limited.

  Apart from this, Go, Mumbai and Kochi are the major shipbuilding centers of India.  They are all in the public domain.  Cochin's store building courtyard (shipyard) developed with Japanese assistance is the country's newest and largest store copyan.  Here, the country's first aircraft carrier warship Ing Keil Laying with 40 thousand tons of displacement capacity has been built.

  The warships for the Indian Navy are built at Manzon Ware Courtyard (Mumbai).  It has been decided to build two international sized shipyards under the National Oceanic Development Program.  Under this, the Ennore Port Limited for the east coast and Mumbai Port Trust for the west coast have been given the nodal agency.

  5. Aircraft Construction (Aircraft Manufacturing):

  1940 AD, the first aircraft manufacturing factory in the country.  'Two Hindustan Aircraft Company was established in Bombay under the name of Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. today.  (H.A.L.) '.  Aerial industries were established in Bastar, Koraput, Nashik, Hyderabad, Korba, Barrackpore, Kanpur and Lucknow with a view to self-sufficiency in defense equipment.

  6. Motor Industry (Automobile Industry):

  Currently, all types of small and big vehicles are manufactured in the country.  It is an assembling industry, hence its location in the raw material sector is not mandatory.  Due to high demand, it gets maximum growth in the great urban areas.

  After liberalization, South Korean, Japanese, French, British and American companies have shown interest in the development of this industry in India.  Companies like Hyundai and Debu also started their industrial units in India.  In fact, the motor industry is a mixture of both manufacturing and aggregation methods.

  Not all parts are made in one of the world's motor equipment, so India does not have to make all the parts of motor vehicles.  Some requirements can also be met by starting.  There has been a trend of excellent growth in this industry after liberalization.

  The major units related to this industry are:

  Me.  Hindustan Motors (Qal),

  ii.  Premier Automobiles Limited (Mumbai),

  iii.  Ashok Leyland (Chennai),

  iv.  Tata Motors (Jamshedpur),

  V.  Mahindra Mahindra Limited (Pune),

  vi.  Maruti Udyog Limited (Gurgaon) and

  vii.  Sarnise Industries (Bangalore).

  India ranks second in the world in the manufacture of wheelers, fifth in commercial vehicle manufacturing and Asia in car manufacturing.

  7. Pharmaceutical Industry (Pharmaceutical Industry):

  It is a light industry.  That is why cold storage, air conditioner, transport and other structural facilities have a more important role in the location of this industry than on the raw material or market place.  These facilities are better available in metropolitan areas.

  Apart from this, the demand for their products is also high here, that is why they have developed better here.  Since 1970, the industry has grown rapidly due to the availability of capital technology and better management.  At present, India has been able to meet 100 percent of its chemical formulation and 70 percent of bulk drug requirements.)

  India is supplying drugs like penicillin and streptomycin to the international market.  Its main markets are South Asia, West Asia and Africa.  Sthan Hindustan Mechanoelectrics Limited was established in 1954, with its main centers in Bangalore, Nagpur and Pimpri (Pune).  In 1960, 1960 Indian Drug and Pharmaceutical Limited (IDPL) was established.

  It has major units in Rishikesh, Hyderabad, Chennai, Gurgaon and Muzaffarpur.  After liberalization the participation of private companies in this industry has increased.  Ranbaxy is India's first multinational pharmaceutical (pharma) company.

  It also does research and other development work.  Companies like Dabur, Vaidyanath, Unjha, Hamdard, Himalaya are constantly striving for new products under the traditional medicine industry.

  8. Electronic and Computer Industry (Electronic and Computer Industry):

  India has made astonishing progress towards the development of these industries.  The software industry has grown at a much more rapid pace than hardware and has an average annual growth rate of about 35%.

  The software industry has been a major contributor to India's exp and we have an international reputation for their products.  That is why the Government of India is giving special emphasis on the development of human resources.  Being highly competitive private sector-related industries, their development requires progressive policy.

  2020 AD in 'Information and Technology Policy 2011'.  Aimed to strengthen India's position as a global IT power and develop 1 crore friendly labor force.  The total exports of information technology and allied services are $ 60 billion, which shows its importance.  At present, about 25 lakh friendly employees are employed in this industry.